标志语与经济文书常用词
标志用语（Expressions for Signs）在英汉两种语言中都极为常见。随着改革开放的深入，我国的对外交往越来越广泛，因此，许多汉语标志用语都趋向于配上相应的英语。
英汉两种语言的标志用语的共同特点都是简单明了，但在写法上仍有相当差异。汉译英时应特别注意英语的表达习惯。下面收录一些实例，并根据其句法特点加以分类，以供参考和模仿。
一、译成英语的祈使句：
1．请按电铃 Ring
2．拉门请进 Pull
3．推门请进 Push
4．请先敲门 Knock
5．随手关门 Shut the Door After You.
6．静 Keep Silence/Keep Silent
7．保持清洁 Keep Clean
8．勿踏草地 Keep off the Grass/Lawn
9．小心 Look Out
10．禁止张贴 Post No Bills
11．提防鲨鱼 Beware Sharks
12．当心碰头 Mind Your Head
13．留神脚下 Mind Your Steps
14．请排队上车 Queue Up for the Bus
15．报纸阅后放回原处 Replace the News*****s After Reading
16．鞋如有泥，请擦去 Wipe Your Shoes and Boots
17．付款处 Please Pay Here
18．请付现金 Cash Please
19．来宾请签名 Visitors Please Sign Here
20．靠右行驶 Keep to the Right
21．小心轻放 Handle with Care
22．防潮 Keep Dry / Guard Against Damp
23．冷藏 Keep. Cool/ Stow in Cool Place
24．切勿倒置 Keep Upright
25．干处保管 Keep in Dry Place
26．保持平放 Keep Flat / Stow Level
27．避光 Keep in Dark Place
28．暗室开启 Open In Dark Place
29．此端开启 Open This End
30．切勿抛掷 .Do Not Cast
31．切勿挤压 Do Not Crush
32．请勿乱涂 Don’t Scribble
33．请勿打扰 Do Not Disturb
34．请勿触摸展品 Do Not Touch Exhibits
35．禁止投喂恐吓动物 Don’t Feed Or Frighten Animals
36．禁止入内 No Entry
37．车辆禁止入内 No Access to Vehicles/
No Entry for Vehicles
38．禁止通行 No Thoroughfare
39．禁止掉头 No U Turns
40．非公莫入 No Admittance Except on Business
41．禁止倒垃圾 No Garbage Here
42．禁止拍摄 No Photographs
43．私家地，不准入内 No Trespassing
44．不准随地吐痰 No Spitting
45．禁止吸烟 No Smoking
46．禁止鸣笛 No Tooting
47．不准超车 No Overtaking
48．禁止停车 No Parking Here
49．不准攀折花木 No Plucking the Flowers
50．禁止钓鱼 No Fishing
51．危险，切勿入内 Danger: Keep Out
52．注意：保持畅通 Caution: Keep Clear
53．不准带出室外 Not To Be Taken Away
54．电梯修理，请走楼梯 Lift under Repairs,
Please Take the Stairs
二、译成被动语态，常有省略助动词To Be的情况：
55．请出示证件 Passes Must Be Shown
56．禁止倒垃圾 Garbage Prohibited
(等于 Garbage Is Prohibited,
省略了助动词to be, 下同 )
57．游客止步 Visitors Not Admitted
58．谢绝参观 Visitors Declined
59．禁止拍摄 Cameras Forbidden
60．禁止儿童入内 Children Not Allowed
61．前面施工，不准通行 Road Ahead Closed
62．禁止游泳和钓鱼 Bathing and Fishing Prohibited
63．禁止打猎 Shooting Prohibited
64．禁止伐木，违者重罚 Felling Trees Is Forbidden:
Violation Liable to Heavy Fines
三、译成名词性短语：
65．入口 Entrance
66．出口、太平门 Exit
67．由此进入 Way In
68．由此外出 Way Out
69．凭票入场 Admission By Ticket Only
70．对号入座 Seat By Number
71．非请莫入 Admission By Invitation Only
72．油漆未干 Wet Paint
73．损坏赔偿 Compensation for Damage
74．腐蚀物品 Corrosives
75．危险品 Dangerous Substance/
Hazardous Goods
76．易燃品 Inflammable (Article)
77．易碎品 Fragile (Article)
78．易腐物品 Perishable Goods
79．放射性物品 Radioactive Substance
80．易爆物品 Explosives
81．毒品 Poison
82．危险 Danger
83．禁区 Prohibited Zone
84．意见箱 Complainbox
85．取信处 Pigeonholes
86．售票处 Ticket Office/Booking Office
87．问询处 Inquiries/ Information
88．失物招领处 Lost and Found
89．收发室 Dispatcher’s Office
90．候机室 Departure Lounge
91．行李寄存处 Left-luggage Office
92．行李提取处 Baggage Claim
93．领取登机证处 Baggage Check-in
94．单向行驶 One Way Only
95．单行道 One Way Traffic
96．连续弯道 Consecutive Curves
97．交叉路口 Crossroads
98．男厕所 Gentlemen
99．女厕所 Ladies
100．公共厕所 Public Conveniences
101．洗手间 Rest Room
102．最高时速：30公里／小时 Maximum Speed: 30km/h;
Speed Limit: 30km/h
103．停车场 Parking Square
104．自行车停放处 Bicycle Park
105．加油站 Service Station
106．公用电话 Public Telephone
107．此路不通 Cul-de-sac
108．前面施工，禁止通行 Workmen Ahead
109．市区不准停车 Urban Clear Way
110．会客时间 Visiting Hours
111．办公时间 Office Hours
112．夜间有事，请按此铃 Night Bell
113．旅客登记处 Reception
114．昼夜营业 Round-the-Clock Business
四、其它：
115．客满 Full
116．休息 Closed
117．招租 To Let / For Rent
118．包场 All Reserved
119．发言席 Now Speaking
120．此路不通 Road Ends
121．游客止步 Out of Bounds
122．免费入场 Admission Free
涉外文书常用词语英汉对照表
acceptance (n.) / accept (v.) 承兑
accountant general 会计主任
accounting statement 会计报表
accrual basis 权责发生制
Administrative Bureau
for Industry and Commerce 工商管理局
advance (payment) 预付；定金；垫款
adverse balance 逆差
advice (n.) / advise (v.) 通知
after-sales service 售后服务
affiliated corporation/company 联营公司
after sight 见票后
agent 代理商
allowance 津贴
all risks 一切险、综合险
amendment (to an L/C, etc. ) （对信用证等）修正
annual accounts 年度决算
annual financial statement 年度财务报表
annual income tax return 年度所得税申报表
arbitration 仲裁
articles of association 公司章程
Asian and Pacific regions 亚太地区
assembling on provided parts 来件装配
assessment 资产评估
assets and liabilities 资产与负债
audit report 审计报告
balance 余额
balance of trade 贸易差额
bearer 持票人
beneficiary 受益人
bid 递盘
bill of health 船舶检疫证书
Bill of Lading 提单
bond market 债券市场
bonus 奖金
book value 帐面价值
brain bank 人才库
breach of contract 违约
breach of duty 渎职
breach of privilege 滥用职权
budget for revenues and expenditure 收支预算
business standing 商业信用情况
capital credibility report 资信证明
captioned goods 标题货物
carrier 承运人
carrying trade 转口贸易
cash crop 经济作物
cash on delivery 货到付款
cash price 付现价格
catalog/catalogue 商品目录
ceiling price 最高限价
certificate of acceptance 验收证明书
certificate of auditing 审计证明书
certificate of authorization 授权书
certificate of incorporation 公司注册证
certificate of inspection 检验合格证
certificate of origin 产地证明
certificate of verification 验资报告
chain 'debts 三角债
Chairman of the Board of Directors 董事长
charges forward 费用到付
chartered accountants 注册会计师
cheque to bearer/bearer cheque 不记名支票
cheque to order/order cheque 记名支票
CIF (cost, insurance and freight) 到岸价格
claim 索赔
claused / foul bill of lading 不洁提单
clean bill of lading 清洁提单
clearance sale (减价)出售存货
closing price 收盘价格
closing quotations 收市行情
collect call 受话方付费电话
collection 托收
collectively-owned enterprise 集体企业
commission 佣金
confirmation 确认；确认书
confirmed letter of credit 保兑信用证
consignee 受托销售商、收货人
consignment 寄售；交运的货物
consignor 寄售商、发货人
container (ship) 集装箱(船)
contract for service 劳务合同
contract workers 合同工
contractor 承包商；认约人
copy 副本
copy documents 副本单证
cordless telephone sets 无绳电话
counter-offer 还盘
credit 信用；信用证；贷款；贷方
credit market 信贷市场
creditor 债权人
D/A (documents against acceptance) 承兑交单
days after acceptance 承兑后若干日(付款)
days after sight 见票后若干日(付款)
dead freight 空舱费
debtor 债务人
debt services (还本付息)集资项目
debit 借方
deferred payment 延期付款
delivered price 含运费价格
department in charge 主管部门
demand draft 即期汇票
detailed rules for implementation 实施细则
difference 差额
director 董事、理事
director responsibility system 厂长责任制
discount 折扣；贴现
dishonor (v.) 拒付
dividend 股利，红利
documentary bill 跟单汇票
documemtary credit 跟单信用证
documents 单据，单证
domestic loan 内债
D/P (documents against payment ) 付款交单
earning statement 盈余表
economic effects 经济效益
Economic and Technological
Development Zone / ETDZ 经济技术开发区
economic structural reform 经济体制改革
emoluments 酬金
excess 扣除免赔额
examination and approval authority 审批机关
exchange settlement 结汇
ex factory 工厂交货价
exployee-employer relation 劳资关系
export-oriented economy 外向型经济
export processing free zone 出口加工免税区
ex ship 目的港船上交货价
expansion funds of the venture 企业发展基金
external financing 国外融资
fair 交易会
fake or poor quality commodities 假冒伪劣商品
favourable balance of trade 贸易顺差
feasibility studies 可行性研究
financing power 融资能力
financial executive 财务主管
finished process goods 半成品
finished products 制成品
firm offer 实盘
fixed assets 固定资产
floor price 最低限价
F. O.B. (free on board) 离岸价格
force majeure 不可抗力
foreign capital 外资
foreign-funded enterprises/FFEs 外资企业，三资企业
foreign loan 外债
forward price 期货价格
F. P.A. (Free From Particular Average) 平安险
franchise 免赔额、免赔百分比
freight 运费；货物
futures 期货交易
general average 共同海损
gold standard 金本位
government bonds 公债
grace period 宽限期
GDP (gross domestic product) 国内生产总值
GNP (gross national product) 国民生产总值
GSP (general system of preferences) 普惠制
half-finished goods 半制成品
high-tech industry 高新技术产业
holder 持票人
holding company 控股公司
honor (v.) 承兑、支付；履行
household appliances 家电产品
household responsibility system 家庭承包责任制
Import and Export Commodity Inspection Bureau 进出口商品检验局
income statement 收益表
individual industrialists and businessmen 个体工商户
in duplicate 一式两份
industrial and commercial consolidated tax 工商统一税
industrial relation 劳资关系
industrial property 工业产权
infrastructural construction 基础设施建设
in quadruplicate 一式四份
inquiry 询盘
institutional reform 体制改革
insurance policy 保险单
intellectual property 知识产权
interim procedures 暂行办法
interim provisions 暂行规定
interim regulations 暂行条例
intermediate port 中转港
international balance of payment 国际收支
international borrowing 国际借贷
international remittance 国际汇兑
in triplicate 一式三份
investment certificate 出资证明
investment environment 投资环境
invisible export 劳务出口，无形出口
invoice value 发票金额
irrevocable letter of credit 不可撤销信用证
job market 劳务市场
joint stock company 股份公司
joint venture enterprise/company 合资企业／公司
judicial person 法人
labour agreement 劳资协议
labour dispute 劳资争议
labour-intensive industry 劳动密集型产业
landing quality 到岸品质
land use rights :' 土地使用权
L/C (letter of credit). 信用证
letter of guarantee 保证函
letter of intent 意向书
line department 生产部门
load list 集装箱装箱清单
low income level 贫困线
mail transfer 信汇
majority, interest 多数股权
managing/standing director 常务董事
manufacture and export zone 出口加工区
manufactured goods 工业制成品
margin 利润
mark 唛头
marketing manager 销售经理
market pricing system 市场价格体制
market share 市场占有率
messenger call 传呼电话
macro-economic control 宏观经济调控
more' or less clause 溢短装条款
most-favoured nations treatment 最惠国待遇
movable cordless telephone sets 手机
national income 国民收入
negotiation 议付；商洽、谈判
New and High-Tech Industry
Development Zone 高新技术工业开发区
nominal wage 名义工资
non-firm offer 虚盘
notary deed 公证书
notary public 公证人
ocean bill of lading 海运提单
offer 报盘
office copy 存根，留底
office manager 业务经理、行政主管
official rate 法定汇率
official invoice 正式发票
on board bill of lading 已装运提单
on demand 见票即付、即期
open cover 预约保险
opening price 开盘价格
opening quotations 开市行情
operational mechanism 经营机制
operating cost 营运成本
original 正本
original documents 正本单据
overdraft 透支
overland insurance 陆运保险
package deal 一揽子交易
packing list 装箱单
paid-up capital 清付资本
panel of experts 专家审议会
partial shipment 分批装运
particular average 单独海损
payment at sight 见票即付
per capita income 人均收入
personal property 动产
posted price 牌价、标价
poverty-stricken area 贫困地区
premature coffsumption 超前消费
premium 保险费
president 总裁、总经理
price difference 差价
price duty paid 已付税价格
primary products 初级产品
processing on supplied materials 来料加工
processed goods 加工品
professionals market 人才市场
profits and losses 损益
proforma invoice 形式发票
property assets 不动产
protect (v.) 支付
provisional contract 临时合同
public officers 公务员
public reserve fund 公益金
public servants 公务员
purchasing power 购买力
quota 配额
quotation 报价；价格；行情
quotation-sheet 报价单
quoted securities 挂牌证券
real estate 不动产；房地产
rebate 回扣
receipt 收据
refusal 优先、先买权；拒绝
regional cooperation 区域合作
registered capital 注册资金
relief fund 救济基金
repayment period 偿还期
reserve funds 储备基金
reserves 公积金
resident permit 居留证
resident representative office 常驻办事机构
retail 零售
retailer 零售商
retained earnings 公积金
retail price 零售价
right to the use of a site 场地使用权
royalty rate 提成率
sales manager 营业主任
sales confirmation 销售确认书
sampling inspection 抽样检查
sanitary inspection certificate 卫生检验证书
seaworthy packing 海运包装
securities 有价证券
self-employed businessmen 个体工商户
self-provided funding 自筹资金
semi-finished products 半成品
service business 服务性行业
share-holding enterprise 股份制企业
shipper 托运人
shipping quality 离岸品质
shipping / cargo space 舱位
sight draft 即期汇票
Sino-overseas joint equity venture 中外合资企业
Sino-foreign joint venture 中外合资企业
slack season 淡季
special appropriation 专用拨款
special audit 专项审计
special economic zone / SEZ 经济特区
specified packing 指定包装
spot tests 抽查
(the) State assets 国有资产
statement of final accounts 会计决算报表
State (-owned) enterprises/SOES 国有企业
State-private joint company 公私合营企业
state treasury 国库券
stock-holder (share-holder) 股东
subscriber 认股人
subsidiary company 附属公司
table money 就餐费
tax evasion 偷税
tax exemption 免税
tax holiday 免税期
technical know-how 专有技术、技术秘密
teleconference 电话会议
telegraphic transfer 电汇
tender 投标
term of validity 有效期
terms (and conditions) 条款
tertiary industries 第三产业
through bill of lading 联运提单
time draft 远期汇票、期票
time card 记时卡
time wage 计时工资
township enterprises 乡镇企业
T. L.O. (Total Loss Only ) 全损险
trade discount 同业折扣
transhipment 转运、转船
transit 运输
traveller cheque 旅行支票
treasurer 总会计师
turnover 营业额；贸易额
unfavourable balance of payments 逆差
unfavourable balance of trade 入超、贸易逆差
value-added tax 增值税
vice-president 副总经理
violation responsibilities 违约责任
volume of business 成交额
welfare funds 福利基金
wholesale 批发
without engagement 不受约束
With Average 基本险
working capital 营运资本，流动资本
W. P.A. (With Particular Average ) 水渍险
京ICP证041284号
